Definition of globalization

by arifsadik

Globalization (or globalization for Anglo-Saxon) is the process of opening of all national economies on a global market now. Globalization is driven by the interdependence between humans, deregulation, trade liberalization, the outsourcing of the financial fluidity of movement, development of transport, telecommunications …

Multinational companies determine their strategic choices (location, supply, financing, marketing channels, hires, opportunities, investments …) worldwide, comparing the advantages and disadvantages that give them the different national solutions possible.

The term “globalization” is mostly used in the economic field, but it affects all human activities: industry, services, trade, political, social … It’s also about communication and exchange between all people of the Earth become “global village” and between different cultures.
It becomes very difficult to operate in a national market only.

 

Proponents of globalization
It is a necessary step to allow third world countries become industrialized and developed countries, and not be merely exporters of raw materials. By intercultural exchange, it allows the man to open his horizons.
Defenders of the present neoliberal globalization as inevitable, irreversible and incompatible with the United Nations. They are stigmatized as too old and inadequate structures, to be replaced by a world government.

Criticism of globalization:

deregulation of national economies;
excessive liberalization of trade;
hegemony of multinational corporations;
standardization of human relationships and the disappearance of peculiarities;
the emergence of a cultural standard.

 

Historical :
We can begin to globalization great maritime expeditions of the fifteenth and sixteenth century (particularly in the first world tour made by Ferdinand Magellan in 1522) that allowed the creation of colonial empires.

The term “globalization” has appeared in French in 1964 as part of work to identify economic and geopolitical expansion of industrial markets in terms of geopolitical blocs, during the Cold War.

It was generalized in the 1990s, from the philosopher Marshall McLuhan’s theories on the emergence of a “global village”, but especially by the fact of anti-globalization and anti-globalization that have drawn the attention of public about the extent of the phenomenon.